Every major leap in human progress has this in common | Jason Crawford: Full Interview
In the thought-provoking video “Every Major Leap in Human Progress Has This in Common,” Jason Crawford delves into the intricate relationship between progress, technology, and human well-being. As the Founder and President of the Roots of Progress Institute, he emphasizes that advancements are not automatic; they require belief, choice, and dedicated effort from society.
Crawford navigates the historical evolution of progress, tracing its philosophical underpinnings from figures like Francis Bacon to the transformative impact of the Industrial Revolution. He articulates that while technology catalyzes improvement in living standards—from agriculture to medicine—progress also brings inevitable risks, as witnessed during the world wars and subsequent societal skepticism.
Despite what he perceives as a relative slowdown in technological innovation over the past fifty years, particularly in sectors like energy and manufacturing, Crawford is hopeful. He identifies emerging breakthroughs, including advancements in artificial intelligence and genetic engineering, and advocates for a renewed cultural commitment to progress. By addressing regulatory challenges and nurturing bold scientific initiatives, he believes society can foster a future as transformative as the past—one that can elevate humanity to new heights.
Crawford’s discourse urges us to recognize that while the path to progress is fraught with challenges, it is also rich with opportunity, urging us to believe and invest in a more prosperous future.
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“Progress happens when we choose to make it happen. It happens through choice and effort. And ultimately, to make progress happen, we have to believe in it.”
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Up next, We are living through a slowdown in human progress | Jason Crawford ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6ebqoan4SE
Humanity’s progress is neither automatic nor inevitable – from the printing press to the Industrial Revolution, and today’s digital age, every leap in technology has reshaped what’s possible for our civilization.
Jason Crawford traces the history and philosophy behind these breakthroughs, revealing the forces that drive innovation and the risks that come with unchecked advancement.
0:00 The philosophy of progress
2:17 The idea of progress throughout history
2:52 Francis Bacon
4:30 The Gutenberg printing press
6:38 The Industrial Revolution
8:47 The end of wars?
9:17 After the world wars of the 20th century
11:58 The idea of progress
14:38 Material progress and the human experience
15:01 The technologies of progress
15:38 Agricultural advancements
16:43 Sources of power
18:36 Energy
19:12 Medicine
20:58 Transportation
26:15 Why does the pace of progress accelerate?
29:03 The future of progress
32:55 Has progress slowed down in the last 50 years?
33:36 The regulatory apparatus
34:12 Organizing scientific research
34:46 Loss of confidence and ambition
Read the video transcript ► https://bigthink.com/series/full-interview/the-philosophy-of-progress/?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=youtube_description
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About Jason Crawford:
Jason Crawford is the founder of The Roots of Progress, where he writes and speaks about the history of technology and the philosophy of progress. He is also the creator of Progress Studies for Young Scholars, an online learning program for high schoolers; and a part-time adviser and technical consultant to Our World in Data, an Oxford-based non-profit for research and data on global development.
Previously, he spent 18 years as a software engineer, engineering manager, and startup founder. From 2013–2018, he was co-founder & CEO of Fieldbook, a hybrid spreadsheet-database. He has also been an engineering manager at Flexport, Amazon, and Groupon, and a co-founder or early employee at other startups. Before that, he was a research engineer at D. E. Shaw Research, working on a new supercomputing architecture for computational biochemistry.
He has a B.S. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University.
About Big Think
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Video “Every major leap in human progress has this in common | Jason Crawford: Full Interview” was uploaded on 11/19/2025 to Youtube Channel Big Think


































We have to care about humans! Great Theme!
Moral progress is fundamental
The Cult of Certainty: How Scientism Mistakes Symbols for Reality
Abstract
This essay dismantles the illusion of scientific and mathematical authority over reality. It argues that physics, mathematics, and cosmology have become modern priesthoods—fluent in symbols, blind to their own assumptions, and convinced that their linguistic constructions constitute the world itself. Beneath their precision lies an unacknowledged act of faith: the belief that their frameworks, born of human limitation, can speak for the infinite complexity of Nature.
1. Introduction: The Rise of a New Dogma
Where religion once claimed the cosmos, scientism now reigns. Its prophets wear lab coats instead of robes, its scriptures are peer-reviewed, and its miracles are equations. It promises salvation through measurement, yet forgets that every instrument was built by fallible hands, every metric chosen by fallible minds.
Science is not the problem; its humility is. Scientism—the conviction that empirical method alone exhausts reality—is philosophy dressed in the armor of precision, mistaking its own reflection for the world.
2. The Frame That Sees Only Itself
Every experiment begins with a premise: what to measure, how to measure, what counts as real. Instruments do not reveal Nature; they negotiate with it, returning answers framed by the questions we taught them to ask.
To believe otherwise is to mistake a telescope for the stars. The data that scientists prize as “objective” already arrive pre-filtered through design, expectation, and interpretation. What emerges as “fact” is not a message from Nature but a conversation among humans—mediated by language, technology, and theory.
Scientism hides this circularity behind jargon and precision. Its practitioners forget that a system cannot justify its own axioms; the framework that defines observation cannot step outside itself to claim omniscience.
3. Mathematics: The Most Beautiful Pretend Game Ever Played
Mathematics is sublime—but it is also make-believe. Its truths are conditional: if these axioms, then those conclusions. When physicists write the cosmos in equations, they are translating mystery into grammar. The translation is elegant, but it is not the thing itself.
To claim that “the universe is mathematical” is to commit linguistic idolatry. Numbers describe patterns; they do not explain being. The formula E=mc² predicts the behavior of matter and energy—it does not tell us what matter or energy are. The certainty of mathematics is the certainty of definition, not of reality.
Einstein himself warned against this confusion: the moment mathematics becomes certain, it ceases to refer to the world. The moment it refers to the world, it ceases to be certain.
4. The Mirage of Empirical Authority
Modern physics and cosmology are cathedrals built on inference. Dark matter, dark energy, singularities, strings—none of these have been seen. They are invoked to preserve the internal coherence of equations that cannot account for observed phenomena. These invisible entities are not discoveries but placeholders for ignorance, named and worshipped as though naming made them real.
The irony is exquisite: in fleeing metaphysics, science reinvented it. It simply changed the vocabulary. Where theologians spoke of the divine, cosmologists now speak of the singularity; both point to something unobservable that explains everything else.
5. Consciousness: The One Fact That Cannot Be Denied
All observation presupposes an observer. Before there is data, there is awareness. Before there is theory, there is experience. To reduce consciousness to neural noise or quantum computation is to saw off the branch upon which knowledge sits.
Science studies phenomena within consciousness while pretending to stand outside it. But consciousness is the condition of the entire enterprise—the light by which all “facts” are seen. Without it, there is no experiment, no equation, no universe as such.
Thus, consciousness is not an afterthought of matter but its precondition. Every attempt to explain awareness as an emergent property of blind particles is a failure to recognize that “blind particles” are themselves ideas appearing in awareness.
6. The Human Element: Experts, Priests, and Pretenders
The “expert” class often claims to speak for reality itself, as though a PhD confers divine insight. Yet their authority rests on consensus, not revelation. Peer review replaces peer thinking; specialization rewards obedience over insight.
Academia has become a hierarchy of sanctioned ignorance—brilliant minds confined to narrow tunnels, mistaking the light at the end for the sun. Their jargon is a fortress built to defend not truth but prestige. To question them is to be labeled “unscientific,” a modern form of heresy.
But no title or theorem exempts a human from the same fleshly frailty that binds us all. Every calculation, every cosmological model, is written by a primate briefly conscious on a tiny planet, staring into an abyss and mistaking its own reflection for the infinite.
7. Conclusion: The Return to Wonder
Science is a method. Reality is an experience. To confuse the two is to turn curiosity into creed. The universe does not speak in equations; it speaks in being.
The humility proper to inquiry is not the arrogance of certainty but the recognition that the map will never become the territory. Our instruments may refine the contours of what is measurable, but the immeasurable remains—the mystery that births both observer and observation.
The task is not to abolish science, but to restore perspective: to remember that the finger pointing to the moon is not the moon, and that the most perfect formula will always fall short of describing the fact that anything exists at all.
Reality cannot be owned by a discipline, only encountered by a consciousness.
Technological progress depends on NEEDS
Aspect ratio progress lol
why have there been NO NEW inventions at the same pace there was 100 years ago? around 1890-1920 we saw Radio, CARS, MOVIES, LightBulbs Airplanes , Vacuum cleaners, etc even the world of 1960 was VERY different than 30 years later in 1990.. BUT the world today is not much different than 1990 NOTHING BIG or impactful has happened since the internet in 1990.. THE smart phone we have is NOT NEW its just a COMBINING of Cell Phones & Computers which we had in 1990 NOTHING big has been invented why the stagnation? have we reached the peak of science tech?
Jason Crawford is not a prominent thinker if he only cares about industrial/technological progress. Thanks for the second sharing of "wow my life is really easy and comfortable now at the expense of planetary well-being, that's a good thing".
Physical progress is great, but the challenge is helping humans keep pace with it. In other words, technology seems to move faster than the human brain can adjust to these changes.
Damn, If I want to listen to great ideas, I'm gonna have to think of it myself.
I think the Trisolarians really did a number on humans.
Progress, philosophy and science? WTF are you talking about…. Do you ask the DNA why it changed even tho you understand the CRISPR part of it? Kids with guns… the only thing you refer to here is the fact that we actually have a proper archive, the rest is just subjective ways of making money… Kudos to you… keep making them moneys so you PROGRES in your subjective endeavors….
Is there any alternative idea of the progress? Maybe, it’s a living in ecological alignment with the nature or living in the community of spiritual brotherhood like “desert monks”, hermits or monastery. Ultimately humanity can prioritize and prefer to live for the future (idea of progress) or the eternity (idea of spirituality).
Well technological progress is good many of the time but it becomes harmful when some greedy people took that progress and lead it for own profit 😢
🐷
We have lack of progress because the genz didnt believe it or not even care about progress. All they care about is entertainment😢😢
Sounds like a bit of a technocratic spiel, alt-right funnel? Might be jumping to conclusions but I'm not sure I respect this underlying tone and rhetoric. I see his point of view but having the correct lens to view a technological future is key for the best outcome for people and the planet, not rich white men's pockets…
My question. Is it sustainable.
I'm amazed that you were able to talk for 40 minutes very accurately about the history and evolution of technology without ever bringing economics into the conversation. You mention the slow down over the last 50 years without attributing it to the clear material causes of Neoliberalism. So much of your time and attention are on the progress of the means of production while you somehow ignore completely the progress of the modes of production. Progress is an emergent property of a thriving material world yet your focus looks only at the things being built and not the material environments and motivations behind them. If we want to correct the ship and move closer to the technological progress you so rightfully dream about we need to be willing to criticize Capitalism. If you want to live in a world where progress is constant and collective you have to be willing to build systems where housing, food, healthcare, energy, and human creativity are constant, collective, and stable. Our inequitable wealth distribution system is holding us back. Production skills be owned and operated by the people using it not a 3rd generation nepo kid from New York.
Progress must provide a fundamental improvement to human life otherwise it will not succeed. In the last 50 years most of what is pointed to as progress is just exploitation of already existing progress. Unlimited energy through fusion, elimination of disease through gene-medicine, autonoums unlimited production through AI, would all be real future progress. The challenge is to have it benefit humanity and not only a selected small elite.
Yes. Mine has been overlooked for 9 years, and it's the only 'invention' that will flip our world from 0 to 180.
what a bunch of shit from this channel
all know that some patents that have big impact on the world have a funny way of not come to the public they even have a special department for it in the US
The greatest thing in humanity results in mass extinction. Ironic. Everyone has a way to save the world except me.